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This book analyses the vulnerability of adolescent girls, which
results from cumulative inequalities: gender, lack of education,
residential, and poverty. It is based on original analyses of data
from the national survey carried out by the National Institute of
Statistics and Economic Analysis in collaboration with
UNICEF. The book discusses three main themes. First, the experience
of adolescence: access to globalization, via access to TIC (Trusted
Internet Connections) and mass media; subjective well-being;
smoking and alcohol consumption; child discipline and domestic
violence are discussed. Secondly, the book focusses on the
beginning of fertile life: child marriage; early pregnancy;
prenatal care; birth weight and breastfeeding. HIV/AIDS and
sexuality. The third theme touches on the potential contribution of
adolescents to harvesting the demographic dividend: fertility and
contraception; postnatal care and vaccination of children;
pre-school learning; education and gender; household health
vulnerability (water and sanitation). On the basis of the analyses
of data, implications regarding concrete policy measures aimed at
reducing the vulnerability of adolescents are identified at the end
of each chapter. Through the richness of the analyses and the
methodological rigor, this book provides an interesting read to
both specialists and non-specialists interested in adolescence and
the future of Benin, Africa and beyond. The [basis of the] English
translation of this book from its French original manuscript was
done with the help of artificial intelligence. A subsequent human
revision of the content was done by the author.
One of the major challenges facing the world today is the
interaction between demographic changes and development. Rather
than the usual view that the population itself is the main problem,
Population and Development Issues argues that it is just one factor
among many others, such as poverty, illiteracy, poor health,
unemployment, the condition of women and climate change. This book
analyzes the relationships between the key demographic variables
(fertility, morbidity and mortality, migration, etc.) and major
development issues, notably education, employment, health, gender,
social and geographical inequalities and climate concerns. Bringing
together contributions from specialists across every field, it
presents empirical data simply and clearly alongside theoretical
reflections.
One of the major challenges facing the world today is the
interaction between demographic change and development. Demographic
Dynamics and Development reviews the dominant demographic theory,
demographic transition, and then presents a thorough investigation
covering aging, fertility, contraception, nuptiality, mortality and
migration, which are all aspects that drive these changes. Each
chapter combines the latest empirical data with theoretical
reflections on the implications for development. This book thus
offers an overview of worldwide demographic data, studied with a
view towards development. In doing so, it provides researchers and
specialists with clear information through in-depth case studies,
focusing on a country, a region or a particularly important
scientific sub-theme.
Whereas the history of demography as a social science has been
amply explored, that of the construction of the concept of
population has been neglected. Specialists systematically ignore a
noteworthy paradox: strictly speaking, the great intellectual
figures of the past dealt with in this book have not produced
demographic theories or doctrines as such, but they have certainly
given some thought to population at both levels. First, the central
epistemological and methodological orientation of the book is
presented. Ideas on population, far from being part of the
harmonious advancement of knowledge are the product of their
context, that is evidently demographic, but also economic,
political and above all intellectual. Then the ideas on population
of Plato, Bodin, the French mercantilists, Quesnay and the
physiocrats are examined under this light. The last chapter
addresses the implicit philosophical, economic and political issues
of population thought.
According to current understanding, Malthus was hostile to an
excess of population because it caused social sufferings, while
Marx was favourable to demographic growth in so far as a large
proletariat was a factor aggravating the contradictions of
capitalism. This is unfortunately an oversimplification. Both
raised the same crucial question: when considered as an economic
variable, how does population fit into the analysis of economic
growth? Even though they started from the same analytical
standpoint, Marx established a very different diagnosis from that
of Malthus and built a social doctrine no less divergent. The book
also discusses the theoretical and doctrinal contribution of the
liberal economists, writing at the onset of the industrial
revolution in France (1840-1870), and those of their contemporary,
Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, who shared with Marx the denunciation of
the capitalist system. By paying careful attention to the social,
economic, and political context, this book goes beyond the
shortcomings of the classification between pro- and
anti-populationism. It sheds new light over nineteenth century
controversies over population in France, a case study for Europe.
According to current understanding, Malthus was hostile to an
excess of population because it caused social sufferings, while
Marx was favourable to demographic growth in so far as a large
proletariat was a factor aggravating the contradictions of
capitalism. This is unfortunately an oversimplification. Both
raised the same crucial question: when considered as an economic
variable, how does population fit into the analysis of economic
growth? Even though they started from the same analytical
standpoint, Marx established a very different diagnosis from that
of Malthus and built a social doctrine no less divergent. The book
also discusses the theoretical and doctrinal contribution of the
liberal economists, writing at the onset of the industrial
revolution in France (1840-1870), and those of their contemporary,
Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, who shared with Marx the denunciation of
the capitalist system. By paying careful attention to the social,
economic, and political context, this book goes beyond the
shortcomings of the classification between pro- and
anti-populationism. It sheds new light over nineteenth century
controversies over population in France, a case study for
Europe.
The parameter estimation and hypothesis testing are the basic tools
in statistical inference. These techniques occur in many
applications of data processing., and methods of Monte Carlo have
become an essential tool to assess performance. For pedagogical
purposes the book includes several computational problems and
exercices. To prevent students from getting stuck on exercises,
detailed corrections are provided.
Whereas the history of demography as a social science has been
amply explored, that of the construction of the concept of
population has been neglected. Specialists systematically ignore a
noteworthy paradox: strictly speaking, the great intellectual
figures of the past dealt with in this book have not produced
demographic theories or doctrines as such, but they have certainly
given some thought to population at both levels. First, the central
epistemological and methodological orientation of the book is
presented. Ideas on population, far from being part of the
harmonious advancement of knowledge are the product of their
context, that is evidently demographic, but also economic,
political and above all intellectual. Then the ideas on population
of Plato, Bodin, the French mercantilists, Quesnay and the
physiocrats are examined under this light. The last chapter
addresses the implicit philosophical, economic and political issues
of population thought.
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